summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/tmpoverlay.sh
blob: 4ea61f871ad484633706a9b5002f885cc1e650e9 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
#!/bin/sh

usage() {
    [ "$1" = 0 ] || exec >&2
    cat << EOF
usage: tmpoverlay [OPTIONS] [SOURCE...] DEST

Create a tmpfs-backed overlayfs at DEST starting with SOURCEs. If no SOURCE is
specified, use DEST as the source. To free the memory, simply umount DEST.

options:
  -c, --no-canonicalize  don't canonicalize paths
  -h, --help             print this help
  -o, --overlayfs OPTS   add overlayfs mount options, e.g. redirect_dir/metacopy
  -n, --no-mtab          don't write to /etc/mtab
  -N, --mount-name NAME  source name for mount (default "overlay")
  -t, --tmpfs OPTS       add tmpfs mount options, e.g. size
  -v, --verbose          verbose mode

examples:
  tmpoverlay / /new_root       # make a thin copy of root
  tmpoverlay /etc              # make read-only /etc writable
  tmpoverlay /a /b /c /merged  # merge /a, /b, /c, and a fresh tmpfs
  tmpoverlay /                 # USE WITH CAUTION, see docs
  unshare -Umc --keep-caps sh -c 'tmpoverlay . && exec \$SHELL' # make cwd writable as non-root
EOF
    exit "$1"
}

log() {
    # not equivalent to printf "tmpoverlay: $@"
    printf 'tmpoverlay: ' >&2
    # shellcheck disable=SC2059
    printf "$@" >&2
    printf '\n' >&2
}

logv() {
    [ -z "$verbose" ] || log "$@"
}

cmd() {
    logv '%s ' "$@"
    "$@"
}

unset tmpdir
die() {
    r=$?
    [ "$r" != 0 ] || r=1
    [ "$#" = 0 ] || log "$@"
    [ -z "$tmpdir" ] || { exec 9>&-; wait; }
    exit $r
}

canon() {
    if [ -n "$no_canon" ]; then
        printf '%s\n' "$1"
    else
        realpath "$1"
    fi
}

my_getopt() {
    getopt \
        -l no-canonicalize \
        -l help \
        -l overlayfs: \
        -l no-mtab \
        -l mount-name: \
        -l tmpfs: \
        -l verbose \
        -n tmpoverlay \
        -- \
        cho:nN:t:v \
        "$@"
}

args=$(my_getopt "$@") || usage 1
eval set -- "$args"
unset args

unset no_canon extra_ovl_opts no_mtab mount_name tmpfs_opts verbose
while true; do
    case "$1" in
        -c|--no-canonicalize) no_canon=-c; shift;;
        -h|--help) usage 0;;
        -o|--overlayfs)
            [ -n "$2" ] && extra_ovl_opts="$extra_ovl_opts,$2"
            shift 2
            ;;
        -n|--no-mtab) no_mtab=-n; shift;;
        -N|--mount-name) mount_name=$2; shift 2;;
        -t|--tmpfs)
            [ -n "$2" ] && tmpfs_opts="${tmpfs_opts:+$tmpfs_opts,}$2"
            shift 2
            ;;
        -v|--verbose) verbose=-v; shift;;
        --) shift; break;;
        *) die "getopt failure"
    esac
done

[ $# != 0 ] || usage 1

unset lowerdir
while [ "$#" != 1 ]; do
    d=$(canon "$1")
    if [ -h "$d" ] || ! [ -d "$d" ]; then
        die 'source "%s" is not a directory' "$d"
    fi
    lowerdir=${lowerdir+:}$d
    shift
done

dest=$(canon "$1")
[ -d "$dest" ] || die 'destination "%s" is not a directory' "$dest"
[ "$dest" != / ] || log 'overmounting root, use with caution'

[ -n "$lowerdir" ] || lowerdir=$dest

logv 'creating tmpdir'
tmpdir=$(cmd umask 077; cmd mktemp -dt tmpoverlay.XXXXXXXXXX) || die
logv 'created tmpdir: %s' "$tmpdir"
# won't trigger on overmounting /, which is actually correct
case "$tmpdir" in
    "$dest"/*) log "warning: tmpdir cannot be cleaned up after overmounting $dest"
esac
cmd mount -t tmpfs ${tmpfs_opts:+-o "$tmpfs_opts"} $verbose tmpfs "$tmpdir" || { cmd rmdir "$tmpdir"; die; }
cmd mkfifo "$tmpdir/fifo" || { cmd umount "$tmpdir"; cmd rmdir "$tmpdir"; die; }
# subshell allows cleanup after overmount /tmp without using realpath source
# subshell also avoids trapping and re-raising signals which is annoying in shell
(
    cmd cd "$tmpdir" || die
    trap '' INT || die
    exec <fifo || die
    # read returns non-zero when write end is closed
    read -r _
    logv 'unmounting tmpdir'
    # TODO: this *almost* works except umount insists on canonicalizing .
    # shellcheck disable=SC2086
    cmd umount -cil $no_mtab . || die
    logv 'deleting tmpdir'
    cmd cd /
    cmd rmdir "$tmpdir" || die
) &
# should be FD_CLOEXEC but can't do in shell
exec 9>"$tmpdir/fifo"
# starting from here, exiting will cause cleanup

upperdir="$tmpdir/upper"
workdir="$tmpdir/work"
tmpmnt="$tmpdir/tmpmnt"
cmd mkdir "$upperdir" "$workdir" "$tmpmnt" || die

ovl_opts="lowerdir=$lowerdir,upperdir=$upperdir,workdir=$workdir"
logv 'testing overlay options'
cmd mount -n -t overlay -o "$ovl_opts" overlay "$tmpmnt" || die "overlayfs is not supported"
cmd umount "$tmpmnt"
if [ -n "$extra_ovl_opts" ]; then
    ovl_opts="$ovl_opts,$extra_ovl_opts"
    cmd mount -n -t overlay -o "$ovl_opts" overlay "$tmpmnt" || die "invalid extra overlayfs options"
    cmd umount "$tmpmnt" || die
fi
chk_ovl_opt() {
    if [ -n "$2" ]; then
        case ",$ovl_opts," in
            *",$1=$2,"*) return 0
        esac
        [ "$2" = on ] && val=Y || val=N
    else
        val=Y
    fi
    f=/sys/module/overlay/parameters/$1
    [ -e "$f" ] && [ "$(cat "$f")" = "$val" ]
}
try_ovl_opt() {
    # returns 0 iff option is/gets enabled
    case ",$ovl_opts," in
        *",$1=off,"*) return 1;;
        *",$1[=,]"*) return 0
    esac
    if chk_ovl_opt "$1"; then
        logv 'skipping %s' "$1${2+=$2}"
        return
    fi
    logv 'trying %s' "$1${2+=$2}"
    new_ovl_opts="$ovl_opts,$1${2+=$2}"
    logv "mount -n -t overlay -o '$new_ovl_opts' overlay '$tmpmnt'"
    if ! mount -n -t overlay -o "$new_ovl_opts" overlay "$tmpmnt" 2>/dev/null; then
        [ -z "$verbose" ] || echo rejected >&2
        return
    fi
    cmd umount "$tmpmnt" || die
    # clear out workdir/work/incompat/volatile and upperdir index
    cmd rm -r "$workdir" "$upperdir" || die
    cmd mkdir "$upperdir" "$workdir" || die
    ovl_opts="$new_ovl_opts"
}
try_ovl_opt index on
# redirect_dir and metacopy are unsafe with untrusted non-bottom layers
# nfs_export conflicts with metacopy
[ "${lowerdir#*:}" = "$lowerdir" ] && \
    ! chk_ovl_opt userxattr on && \
    try_ovl_opt redirect_dir on && \
    { chk_ovl_opt nfs_export on || try_ovl_opt metacopy on; }
try_ovl_opt volatile

logv 'copying lowerdir owner/perms to upperdir'
lastlowerdir=${lowerdir##*:}
# stat -c isn't posix, but ls is
ls=$(ls -dn "$lastlowerdir/.") || die
[ -n "$ls" ] || die 'empty ls output'
owner=$(printf '%s\n' "$ls" | sed -e 's/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\) \([^ ]*\).*$/\1:\2/;t;d')
[ -n "$owner" ] || die 'bad ls owner output'
mode=$(printf '%s\n' "$ls" | sed -e 's/^d\(...\)\(...\)\(...\).*/u=\1,g=\2,o=\3/;s/-//g;t;d')
[ -n "$mode" ] || die 'bad ls mode output'
cmd chown "$owner" "$upperdir" || die
cmd chmod "$mode" "$upperdir" || die
# -m - covers ACLs (system.posix_acl_access) and file caps
# (security.capability). theoretically someone might have get/setcap and/or
# get/setfacl but not get/setxattr, but this is unlikely since libcap/acl
# require attr.
logv 'copying root xattrs'
if attrs=$(cd "$lastlowerdir" && getfattr -d -m - . 2>/dev/null); then
    if [ -n "$attrs" ]; then
        printf '%s\n' "$attrs" | (cd "$upperdir"; setfattr --restore=-) || die
    fi
else
    log 'getfattr failed, skipping xattrs/ACLs'
fi

logv 'mounting overlay'
# shellcheck disable=SC2086
cmd mount $no_canon $no_mtab $verbose -t overlay -o "$ovl_opts" "${mount_name-overlay}" "$dest" || die
exec 9>&-
wait || die
logv 'done'